Table 1 Frameworks that guided the capacity building efforts

Straus, S.E., Brouwers, M., Johnson, D. et al. Core competencies in the science and practice of knowledge translation: description of a Canadian strategic training initiative. Implementation Sci 6, 127 (2011). https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1186/1748-5908-6-127 [47]

The UK MRC Framework for Complex Interventions [48]

Meissner HI, Glasgow RE, Vinson CA, Chambers D, Brownson RC, Green LW, Ammerman AS, Weiner BJ, Mittman B. The U.S. training institute for dissemination and implementation research in health. Implement Sci. 2013;8:12. [49]

Adapted version of Ward’s conceptual framework of translating knowledge [50]

Stevens, K. R. (2013). The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas. Online journal of issues in nursing, 18(2). [51]

The ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation [52]

Urquhart, R., Cornelissen, E., Lal, S., Colquhoun, H., Klein, G., Richmond, S., & Witteman, H. O. (2013). A community of practice for knowledge translation trainees: an innovative approach for learning and collaboration. [53]

Framework developed within the collaborative to evaluate its impact as a community of practice

Proctor, E. K., Landsverk, J., Baumann, A. A., Mittman, B. S., Aarons, G. A., Brownson, R. C., … & Chambers, D. (2013). The implementation research institute: training mental health implementation researchers in the United States. Implementation Science, 8(1), 1–12. [54]

Heuristic framework for implementation research in mental health [55]

Estapé‐Garrastazu, E. S., Noboa‐Ramos, C., De Jesús‐Ojeda, L., De Pedro‐Serbiá, Z., Acosta‐Pérez, E., & Camacho‐Feliciano, D. M. (2014). Clinical and translational research capacity building needs in minority medical and health science Hispanic institutions. Clinical and translational science, 7(5), 406–412. [56]

The clinical and translational research core areas and competencies developed by the National Institutes of Health-Clinical and Translational Sciences Award [57]

Osanjo, G. O., Oyugi, J. O., Kibwage, I. O., Mwanda, W. O., Ngugi, E. N., Otieno, F. C., … & Kiarie, J. N. (2015). Building capacity in implementation science research training at the University of Nairobi. Implementation Science, 11(1), 1–9. [58]

“Competency-based medical education (CBME) and adult-learning principles underpin the curriculum. Other curriculum elements that were added and emphasized include innovative teaching strategies, content related to the Kenyan health care system, inter-professional team training, assessment of learning needs, mentoring, development of research skills, and evaluation of the processes.” [58, 59]

Ullrich, C., Mahler, C., Forstner, J. et al. Teaching implementation science in a new Master of Science Program in Germany: a survey of stakeholder expectations. Implementation Sci 12, 55 (2017). https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1186/s13012-017-0583-y. [60]

The European Framework for Higher Education [61]

Baldwin, J. A., Williamson, H. J., Eaves, E. R., Levin, B. L., Burton, D. L., & Massey, O. T. (2017). Broadening measures of success: results of a behavioral health translational research training program. Implementation Science, 12(1), 1–11. [62]

The Translational Research Impact Scale [63]

Moore, J. E., Rashid, S., Park, J. S., Khan, S., & Straus, S. E. (2018). Longitudinal evaluation of a course to build core competencies in implementation practice. Implementation science, 13, 1–13. [64]

Knowledge-to-action (KTA) [50]

Ramaswamy, R., Mosnier, J., Reed, K., Powell, B. J., & Schenck, A. P. (2019). Building capacity for Public Health 3.0: introducing implementation science into an MPH curriculum. Implementation Science, 14(1), 1–10. [65]

Adapted a model termed design-focused implementation (Fig. 2) to guide our curriculum development. [66]

Albers, B., Metz, A. & Burke, K. Implementation support practitioners – a proposal for consolidating a diverse evidence base. BMC Health Serv Res 20, 368 (2020). https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1186/s12913-020-05145-1. [34]

The Interactive Systems Framework [67]

Davis, R., Mittman, B., Boyton, M., Keohane, A., Goulding, L., Sandall, J., … & Sevdalis, N. (2020). Developing implementation research capacity: longitudinal evaluation of the King’s College London Implementation Science Masterclass, 2014–2019. Implementation science communications, 1(1), 1–13. [68]

The content of the ISM was developed through reviewing core competencies in knowledge translation [47], taken from a 2011 Canadian training initiative, as well as a 2012 framework for training healthcare professionals in implementation and dissemination science. [69]

Schultes, MT., Aijaz, M., Klug, J. et al. Competences for implementation science: what trainees need to learn and where they learn it. Adv in Health Sci Educ 26, 19–35 (2021). https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1007/s10459-020-09969-8. [70]

Educational psychology theoretical framework [71]

Rogal, S. S., Jonassaint, C., Ashcraft, L., Freburger, J., Yakovchenko, V., Kislovskiy, Y., … & Chinman, M. (2022). Getting To Implementation (GTI)-Teach: A seven-step approach for teaching the fundamentals of implementation science. Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, 6(1), e100. [72]

Getting to Implementation [72, 73]

Pérez Jolles, M., Willging, C. E., Stadnick, N. A., Crable, E. L., Lengnick-Hall, R., Hawkins, J., & Aarons, G. A. (2022). Understanding implementation research collaborations from a co-creation lens: recommendations for a path forward. Frontiers in health services, 2, 942,658. [74]

Exploration Preparation Implementation Sustainment (EPIS) Framework [75]

Miyamoto, K., Okamoto, R., Koide, K., & Shimodawa, M. (2024). Effect of web-based training on public health nurses’ program implementation capacity: a randomized controlled trial. BMC nursing, 23(1), 678. [76]

Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) [77]

Stevens, K. R., De La Rosa, E., Ferrer, R. L., Finley, E. P., Flores, B. E., Forgione, D. A., … & Wooten, K. C. (2021). Bootstrapping implementation research training: A successful approach for academic health centers. Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, 5(1), e168. [78]

The program was based on an established national curriculum [79], national consensus on dissemination and implementation

(D&I) research competencies [3], and recently published NIH/

NCI OpenAccess training materials [80], offering a standardized

frame