Table 1 Community member and researcher roles in implementation data collection and analysis activities by case study method
From: Methods for community-engaged data collection and analysis in implementation research
What was done | Who was involved | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Activities | Concept Mapping | Rapid Ethnography | PhotoVoice |
Overall | |||
 Description | Community members review statements provided by researchers, sort and rank them according to similarity, importance and feasibility; and process results with researchers | Researchers and/or community members conduct interviews or engage in participant observation for a brief period and process information collected with a external researcher and/or community members | Community members take photos of things that relate to health and wellness in their community and process information collected with researchers |
 Implementation Aim | Assess determinants Select strategies | Assess determinants Select strategies | Assess determinants Select strategies |
 Provide knowledge to ensure rigor | Researchers | Researchers | Researchers |
 Provide knowledge to ensure relevance | Community members | Community members | Community members |
Data collection | |||
 Participant sampling and recruitment | Researchers and community members identified potential participants via snowball sampling Researchers recruited them into study | Community Leadership Council identified potential participants via snowball sampling Researchers recruited them into study | Community members (Housing agency staff) identified potential participants Researchers recruited them into study |
 Identify data to be collected | Researchers identify statements derived from interviews/ focus groups and national sources and guidelines Community members conduct member checking of statements | Community members identify topics for interviews and conduct member checking of questions | Researchers identify topics of photos Community members identify subjects of photos |
 Interview techniques | Semi-structured | Semi-structured | Semi-structured |
 Focus group techniques | Focus groups |  | Focus groups |
 Provide training in data collection | Researchers | Researchers | Researchers |
 Provide the data | Community members participate in interviews and focus groups and rate the statements | Community members interviewed by academic research team members | Community members take photographs of their communities |
 Receive the data | Researchers conduct interviews and facilitate focus groups | Researchers conduct interviews | Researchers conduct brief interviews and facilitate group dialogue |
Data analysis | |||
 Stage 1. Generate results | |||
Pile sort/ranking techniques | Community members | N/A | Community members |
Visual representations of data | Generated by researchers | N/A | Generated by community members |
 Stage 2. Coding and construction of themes | Researchers | Researchers | Researchers |
 Stage 3. Review of interpretation (member checking) | Community members not involved in methods | Community members (Community Leadership Council) | Community members not involved in method |