Table 4 Barriers and enablers

Barriers

Limited time to build relationships

3

41, 42, 45

Maintaining trust and engagement over time

2

43, 45

Managing power differentials

2

41, 43

Balancing competing interests between researchers and community members

1

41

Resource constraints

3

40, 41, 45

Enablers

Funding support and financial remuneration

5

37, 38, 40–42

Regular contact, rapport and trust between researchers and partners

6

36–38, 40, 41

Preparation to empower partners

2

37, 44